a competition based on chance, in which numbered tickets are sold for a prize. Also used as a way of raising money for the state or a charity.
Making decisions and determining fates by the casting of lots has a long record in human history, including several instances recorded in the Bible. The first public lotteries to award prizes in the form of money were reportedly organized in the Low Countries in the 15th century. King Francis I of France was probably the first to introduce this form of gambling for the benefit of the state and to raise funds to help the poor.
Lottery games have generally received broad approval in the United States and are a popular source of income. But they have a dark underbelly, one that has become increasingly visible in the past decade as lottery revenues have risen to new highs and state budget officials face increasing pressures to increase them. That underbelly is that lotteries encourage people to gamble away large portions of their incomes on an exercise that is unlikely to improve their lives, and that the chances of winning are slim indeed.
Criticisms of state lotteries have typically focused on specific features, such as the likelihood of compulsive gambling or their alleged regressive impact on lower-income groups. These criticisms have not changed the basic fact that public officials have inherited a system that is in many ways unmanageable. It is a classic example of an evolving public policy that is managed piecemeal and incrementally, without any general overview.